Service Documentation

Test Techniques

Systematic methods for designing and implementing tests - combining black-box, white-box, and experience-based approaches for maximum coverage.

3
Technique categories
10+
Methods available
ISTQB
Methodology
01

Overview

Some test techniques apply more to specific situations and test levels; others apply to all test levels. When creating test cases, testers generally use a combination of test techniques to achieve the best results from the test effort.

The use of test techniques in test analysis, design, and implementation can range from very informal to very formal. The appropriate level of formality depends on the testing context, including process maturity, time constraints, regulatory requirements, and team skills.

02

Types of Test Techniques

Black-Box

Behavioral Testing

Based on analysis of the test basis, concentrating on inputs and outputs without reference to internal structure. Applicable to both functional and non-functional testing.

Equivalence Partitioning Boundary Value Decision Table State Transition Use Case Testing

White-Box

Structural Testing

Based on analysis of architecture, detailed design, internal structure, or code. Concentrates on structure and processing within the test object.

Statement Testing Statement Coverage Decision Testing Decision Coverage

Experience-Based

Expertise-Driven Testing

Leverages the experience of developers, testers, and users. Helps identify tests not easily found by systematic techniques. Coverage may vary based on tester approach.

Error Guessing Exploratory Testing Checklist-Based
03

Formality Depends On

The appropriate level of formality when applying test techniques depends on the testing context:

Maturity of test and development processes
Time constraints and project deadlines
Safety or regulatory requirements
Knowledge and skills of the team
Software development life cycle model
Project goals and quality objectives
Source: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v3.1.1

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