Test Techniques
Systematic methods for designing and implementing tests - combining black-box, white-box, and experience-based approaches for maximum coverage.
Overview
Some test techniques apply more to specific situations and test levels; others apply to all test levels. When creating test cases, testers generally use a combination of test techniques to achieve the best results from the test effort.
The use of test techniques in test analysis, design, and implementation can range from very informal to very formal. The appropriate level of formality depends on the testing context, including process maturity, time constraints, regulatory requirements, and team skills.
Types of Test Techniques
Black-Box
Based on analysis of the test basis, concentrating on inputs and outputs without reference to internal structure. Applicable to both functional and non-functional testing.
White-Box
Based on analysis of architecture, detailed design, internal structure, or code. Concentrates on structure and processing within the test object.
Experience-Based
Leverages the experience of developers, testers, and users. Helps identify tests not easily found by systematic techniques. Coverage may vary based on tester approach.
Formality Depends On
The appropriate level of formality when applying test techniques depends on the testing context:
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